Leslie Marmon Silko's Ceremony opens with a defense of storytelling. Storytelling is a way of making the world, a way of protecting self and culture. Ceremony itself takes part in this process, telling the story of Tayo, a young Native American come home from WWII and severely. Poem Hunter all poems of by Leslie Marmon Silko poems. 3 poems of Leslie Marmon Silko. Lullaby, Love Poem, Ceremony.

Auntie

As a Christian, Auntie represents a break with the traditional ways and beliefs. In addition, she is a martyr in her own mind. As she says in the novel: “I’ve spent all my life defending this family … It doesn’t bother me but this hurts Grandma so much.” She reminds every member of the family how she has to deal with the gossip about them – especially the talk about Little Sister and Josiah. Due to this concern about what people think of her family, Tayo “knew she wouldn’t send him away to a veteran’s hospital” when she saw that he was sick.

When Tayo returns from war, “Auntie stares at him the way she always had, teaching inside him with her eyes, calling up the past as if it were his future too, as if things would always by the same for him.” She considers him as just another burden in her life-and then reminds everyone about what she had done for him. At the end, Tayo’s success frees him from Auntie but she still has “an edge of accusation about to surface between her words.” It takes old man Ku’oosh’s clear acknowledgement of Tayo’s new place in society to quiet her.

Bear Boy

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Betonie

Chosen from birth to learn the traditions of medicine, Betonie is revered for his success at curing people. He stays in his Hogan-built long before the town of Gallup existed-so that he can keep an eye on the people. In particular, he looks for those of his people afflicted with alcoholism who might want to come back to the traditional ways.

Betonie mixes old and new in his medicine: “At one time, the ceremonies as they had been performed were enough for the way the world was then. But after the white people came, elements in this world began to shift; and it became necessary to create new ceremonies. I have made changes in the rituals. The people mistrust this greatly, but only this growth keeps the ceremonies strong … That’s what the witchery is counting on; that we will cling to the ceremonies the way they were, and then their power will triumph, and the people will be no more.”

Tayo confides to Betonie about his dreams, the war, and his concerns about the cattle. Betonie listens, then tells him what signs to look for; he also insists that he must retrieve the cattle. After a vision ceremony, he sends Tayo on his way.

Emo

Emo, “always with a GI haircut,” represents the witchery of the story world. He represents evil. He rejects the ways of the past, favoring manipulation and deception to have his way with the people.

Envious of white society, Emo wants his stories of scoring with white women and having white things to replace the traditional stories. He denigrates the traditional ways to keep those around him thinking Indians are no good. In doing so, he simulates the mythical Ck’o’yo gambler, “Look what is here for us. Look. Here’s the Indians’ mother earth! Old dried-up thing!” With such sayings he aims to obscure the people’s relationship to the earth. Instead he encourages an easier way-a prescription of drink and violence: “What we need is what they got. I’ll take San Diego … they’ve got everything … They took our land, they took everything! So let’s get our hands on white women!”

Tayo’s effort to cure himself and remember the traditions of the people is a threat to Emo’s manipulative ways. Tayo disrupts Emo’s ceremony at the bar by delivering a rendition of the national anthem. He then tells a story about some Indians going off to war and returning as just plain Indians. Emo wants them to forget this story and remember the killing they did. He rattles a bag of human teeth while bragging about his exploits in the Army. Eventually, Emo kills his followers (because Tayo did not try and kill him) by manipulation. He is banished from the Laguna Reservation but, as witchery, he still exists.

Grandma

Grandma lets things happen around her until she must intervene. For instance, Tayo stays in bed for some time before she comes to comfort him in his nightmare. She cries with him saying, ”Those white doctors haven’t helped you at all.” Ignoring Auntie, she sends for the traditional medicine man, old man Ku’oosh. This is the beginning of Tayo’s journey back from being white smoke. By sending for the medicine man, Grandma has started her family on its path to healing and in a small way helped to heal the whole village. At the end, Grandma asks Tayo to replenish her heating oil. This is a sign that Tayo is an adult member of the family.

Harley

Harley is a clownish character who represents the bacchanal spirits. He prescribes alcohol for all occasions. When Rocky, Tayo, and Harley were childhood friends, they tracked an old drunk and stole his hidden alcohol for their first drink. Harley also served in the war and brags to Helen Jean about his heroism.

At the start of the novel, he arrives at the ranch to help Tayo. He also wants to revive the good days of the war when they were soldiers on leave. To this end, Harley proposes a quixotic journey-the longest donkey ride ever for a cold beer. At the bar, Harley’s intentions are good-if Tayo drinks he will be happy. “Liquor was medicine for the anger that made them hurt, for the pain of the loss, medicine for tight bellies and choked-up throats.”

But when the ceremony is winding down, it is Harley who finds Tayo for Emo. Tayo drinks in honor of his friend and in the process almost falls prey to witchery. He realizes Harley’s betrayal and eludes them. In the end, it is Harley who suffers instead of Tayo. Manipulated to betray his friend, Harley pays with his life.

Helen Jean

Helen represents the women, like Tayo’s mother, who have been taught to hate their own people and to flee the reservation. She winds up like too many other women—dependant on generous war veterans and drinking themselves to death. Like many others, she started out full of good intentions. She was going to move to the city, get a job, and assimilate into white society. Instead, she is headed for the slums of Gallup.
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Josiah

Josiah, the brother of Auntie and Little Sister, is the father figure for Tayo. He possesses knowledge about raising cattle and shares it with Tayo. His scheme places him among Tayo’s teacherslike Old man Ku’oosh and Betonie-who are mixing new ways with the old. Along with practical life lessons like how to ride a horse, Josiah offers Tayo many insights. “Josiah said that only humans had to endure anything, because only humans resisted what they saw outside themselves.” Josiah has a mistress named Night Swan. Tayo sleeps with her and she tells him things that fit into his ceremony.

Ku’oosh

When Grandma decides that white medicine has done enough damage, she calls for the traditional medicine man, Ku’oosh. However, Ku’oosh knows that in the present day the traditional and unchanged methods no longer have the same power. He knows where to send Tayo–to Betonie. Ku’ oosh, although he sticks to the old ways, is open to hearing the new stories. He ensures that Tayo is brought into the kiva and accepted once and for all.

Leroy

Another war buddy, Leroy represents the veterans that return from the war with alcohol problems. Moreover, in his purchase of the truck he represents the “gypped” Indian. Leroy thinks he fooled the white man by signing for a truck he did not have to pay for. They joke that the

Ceremony Leslie Marmon Silko